nRF7002 – The New WiFi chip

nRF7002 Dual Band WiFi6 chip from Nordic Semiconductor
nRF7002 Dual Band WiFi6 chip from Nordic Semiconductor

Nordic Semiconductor launched a new WiFi chip last week, nRF7002. They haven’t released the entire information about this chip. It’s in bits and pieces in their press release. Based on what I could gather it’s a low-power, dual-band(2.4GHz and 5GHz) WiFi-6 compatible chip with a physical throughput of 86Mbps in data transfer speeds. On the surface, this looks great for high-throughput WiFi applications. But this seems to work only as a co-processor. Standing alone it can only do Wi-Fi physical layer and MAC layer protocols. It needs an application processor to do the rest of the logic processing. It can be used with Nordic’s usual nRF52, 53 series chips or any other controller out there. This chip interfaces to the application processor via QSPI/SPI. Seems there is a preview development kit(But not available anywhere to buy currently though). If you check the image, there is an nRF7002 on the bottom right which is paired with an nRF5340 chip running the WiFi Stack.

nRF7002 Preview Development Kit with nRF7002(WiFi) + nRF5340(SoC)

Why does all of this matter? Nordic is known for putting out power-efficient and really low-power devices. So there is hope in the community that someone can pull up a relatively low-power WiFi chip. The problem I see with the chip(based on the limited info out there) is that it can’t work as a standalone chip like let a say ESP32 series or a TI WiFi chip. So this chip needs to be really cheap in price so as to make sense. I am sure they are probably working on a dual processor nRF7 series chip which can be totally standalone. Since it’s their first WiFi chip, I do expect issues. But let’s see. The great part is that it can support 5GHz so that won’t use up your 2.4GHz Bluetooth spectrum. SDK also seems to be in very early stages as expected. I am just hoping they improve their documentation because when they launched their first Bluetooth chips, it was pretty bad. It has evolved over the years though. But I have to give them credit for their developer forums, they are exceptionally good and responsive.

Hoping that they are able to pull off a great WiFi chip to compete with ESP32. They are among the very few to have BLE, Cellular and WiFi chips in their lineup. The full Silicon chip launch is slated for the end of the year or early next year.

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Raspberry Pi Pico W Analysis

Raspberry Pi Pico W
Raspberry Pi Pico W
Raspberry Pi Pico W
Raspberry Pi Pico W Teardown

A couple of days ago, Raspberry Pi Foundation released their new board Pico W for $6 which is an extension of the basic Pico board with wireless capabilities. It’s a big deal in the maker/hobby market because of the price. Now there is a good competitor to the ever-popular ESP32 series because of the wireless option. The board comes with WiFi for IoT applications.

Pico W contains the RP2040 chip which is a Cortex M0+ chip(one of the best in the class chip for the price of <$1, check posts of last year for detailed analysis on this chip) and to enable wireless capabilities they have partnered Infineon and used their CYW43439 dual-purpose wireless chip. It can do WiFi(2.4GHz) and Bluetooth 5.2. Currently, only WiFi is enabled on firmware but BLE support I am sure will soon follow. CYW43439 contains a dual-processor M3 and M4 for handling each of WiFi and BLE stack with a single physical antenna section handling both. Although it contains those processors, they are not application processors and are merely there for handling communication(Unlike Nordic’s BLE series). It needs a host controller to handle the application and transmit the data via high-speed SPI to it. If you check the PCB layout you can find the BGA wireless chip under the metal casing(Mostly for passing certification tests of EU and FCC) for the radio module with a dedicated crystal and 2.4GHz PCB antenna coming out of it.

I am sure folks from Arduino are starting to feel the heat with Rpi launching much cheaper boards. One thing it has going for it is its availability. I don’t know how on earth Rpi Foundation is able to have chips available in these days of shortage. It seems to be the only major brand out consistently having chips and boards. I do believe one key factor for that is the professional/industry is not using RP2040 in major products. It’s a decent chip but has its flaws(No Flash Memory, poor low power performance etc). Overall it’s a good maker board as an ESP32 alternative.

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