Tech Explained: LRAD & Sound Cannons

Over the last few months, some of you might have heard about the massive Anti corruption protests happening in Serbia. This week, you may have seen some videos online (shared) of protestors being magically moved away from roads via an invisible force. I was fascinated by what was happening but wanted to potentially explain what it was and how it works.

LRAD in use against protestors

The system used there was most likely an LRAD (Long Range Acoustic Device) but this is just an educated guess on my part, not confirmed yet. It’s a non‑lethal tool originally designed for maritime communication to communicate verbal messages over long distance, but that’s now adapted for crowd control. At its core, the LRAD is essentially a high‑powered, directional loudspeaker. Instead of dispersing sound in all directions like your typical speaker, its array of piezoelectric transducers and acoustic horn concentrates sound into a narrow beam. This can emit sound levels that exceed 140-150 dB at close range. That’s like standing right next to a rocket taking off. You are ear drums can go toast. This noise can cause immediate discomfort, disorientation, and force people to step back involuntarily.

LRAD

In some LRAD systems, they use a chirp feature. Meaning, input to the speaker is a varying frequency. When multiple speakers emit sound at a single, fixed frequency, their sound waves overlap and create dead zones due to destructive interference. Chirp prevents the formation of persistent dead zones, ensuring the sound pressure remains uniformly strong and effective across the target area.

In the videos though, I don’t hear some massive sounds, so they might also be using a variation device called sound vortex cannon. Think of this like a shockwave from a jet engine as a single pulse. It can be higher frequency. This can exert physical pressure, literally pushing people backward. Check demo videos online.

It’s wild seeing military tech adapted for civilian use. LRAD has a sister tech called Long Range Area Denial, using microwaves. That’s some next level scary weapon. If there is interest, I will write about it in future.

Video Source: Internet

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Tech Explained: Acoustic Cameras

Earlier in the week, a friend sent me a video of a product from Fluke that visualizes air leaks and other noises. I had no idea such a technology existed. Spent some time learning more, and now I wanted to share what I found.

Acoustic cameras are essentially devices that can “see” sound. Think of them as thermal imagers, except for sound. They combine a specialized array of MEMS microphones with a camera interface to capture and display noise sources as colourful, real-time heat-map images. While this might sound futuristic, the tech has been around for the last few decades, but I never knew. 
So how does it work? An array of microphones picks up sound waves from different directions. These signals are then processed by a beam forming algorithm that calculates the precise location of each sound source. The system superimposes a heatmap-like overlay onto a visual image or video feed, highlighting exactly where noise originates. It’s like having a set of highly trained ears that can pinpoint the faintest hiss or hum in a busy environment. Some units have audio freq range selection so that you can select to really reduce surrounding noise to focus on a specific band.

Its applications are varied. Factories use them to quickly spot air leaks, carmakers use them to reduce cabin noise, and mechanics use them to find hidden unusual vibration noises in factory equipment. Some factories rely on them for preventative maintenance, before they become costly. Environmental folks employ these tools for tasks like monitoring wildlife habitats or measuring noise pollution levels. It’s used to detect electric partial discharges in High voltage electric power delivery systems. Corona discharge, arcing emits ultrasound that can be picked up via this tech.

The distance of capture is not that high though. If it was, I would have loved to put this up on a drone and get a bird’s eye view of the city and its noise level sources. Nice little tech if you ask me.

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